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In the age of all-in-one suites, it's easy to forget that text editing is still a useful skill. Whether you're writing a blog post, juggling a large spreadsheet, or just trying to intimidate your boss into being nicer to you, knowing how to create and manipulate text in basic editors can save your day. This article will walk through some essential basic text editing skills so that you don't have to ask for help when their boss tells them they didn't spell "survey" wrong - they just used an alternate British spelling. The first thing we'll cover is the difference between character encoding and file encoding. These are two different things, and they'll often be confused - I'm going to keep them both straight. Character encoding is a specification that tells the computer how to translate from text in the source language (for example, from English to Spanish) into bytes of data. It defines how individual characters get translated from one character set to another. In short, the question "How do you get a character from Japanese back to Japanese?" can be answered by "Find its character encoding". File encoding is a specification that tells the computer what data format a given piece of text will be stored in. It tells the computer what you want to store in the file, in addition to how you want to store it. It's sort of like saving a text file with the "Text" format, but with more specific data about how languages are encoded. If you're still confused, don't worry - most people get these confused at some point (and they've got better things to do than keep things straight). The important thing is that if something goes wrong - for example, your text starts looking like gibberish or your spreadsheet only has one cell with the value "Hello World" - you will know how to troubleshoot it. Here's a few examples of how character encoding and file encoding are used in practice. Character encoding is used when you're translating from, say, English to French. It determines which characters get translated into the language of the target system (French in this case). The French translation of "Hello World" into ASCII would look like this: Hello This tells us most Latin letters (numbers over 3 will appear too), most uppercase letters, some punctuation signs like "!" or "?" , and some symbols like "$". Encoding would be UTF-8, since it's an encoding for Unicode values. Character encoding is also used when you're importing a text file from another program like Notepad (remember those?). It tells the computer how the text will be translated from the source language (English in this case) into bytes on your system. That's why we wrote "look just like gibberish" - that's because your editor put those ASCII boxes using the character encoding of Notepad, and you didn't tell Notepad. File encoding is important because it tells the computer how to turn bytes of data into characters after it's been saved as a file. That's why we wrote "not as spaces or tabs" - your editor converted those ASCII bytes into Unicode instead of letting them be instructions to simply go away. cfa1e77820